Sophie Germain
Si Marie-Sophie Germain ( 1 Abril 1776 – 27 Hunyo 1831) sarong Pranses na matematiko, pisiko asin pilosopo. Dawa may pagkontra kan saiyang mga magurang asin kasakitan sa sosyudad, nakanuod siya sa mga libro sa library kan saiyang ama, kabali na ki Leonhard Euler, asin mga sikat na matematiko arog ni Lagrange, Legendre, asin Gauss (sa pseudonym na «Monsieur LeBlanc»). Saro sa mga payunir kan elasticity theory, nanggana siya nin grand prize sa Paris Academy of Sciences sa sanaysay sa saiyang subject. An saiyang gibo sa Fermat's Last Theorem nagtaong pundasyon sa mga matematiko na aramon an subject sa sanggatos na taon pakatapos.[1] Dahil sa siya babae, sae siya nagkaigwang karera sa matematika, pero nagtrabaho siya nin solo sa buong buhay niya.[2] Bago siya magadan, si Gauss narekomendar na siya tawan nin onra, pero dae ini nangyari.[3]Kan 27 Hunyo 1831, nagadan siya sa breast cancer. Sa sentenaryo kan saiyang buhay, sarong kalye saka eskwelahan na pambabae an pinangaran saiya. An Academy of Sciences nag-establisar nin Sophie Germain Prize sa saiyang onra.
| Sophie Germain | |
|---|---|
 Marie-Sophie Germain | |
| Kamundagan | 1 Abril 1776 Rue Saint-Denis, Paris, France |
| Kagadanan | 27 Hunyo 1831 (edad 55) Paris, France |
| Nasyunalidad | French |
| Midbid bilang | Elasticity theory and number theory (e.g. Sophie Germain prime numbers) |
| Karera sa siyensya | |
| Lado | Mathematician, physicist, and philosopher |
| Academic advisors | Carl Friedrich Gauss (epistolary correspondent) |
| Toltolan Other name: Auguste Antoine Le Blanc | |
Hilingon man
baguhonCitations
baguhon- ↑ Del Centina 2008, p. 373.
- ↑ Case & Leggett 2005, p. 39.
- ↑ Mackinnon, Nick (1990). "Sophie Germain, or, Was Gauss a feminist?". The Mathematical Gazette 74 (470): 346–351, esp. p. 347.
Mga toltolan
baguhon- Bell, Eric Temple (1937). Men of Mathematics. Simon and Schuster. reprinted as Bell, Eric Temple (1986). Men of Mathematics. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-671-62818-6.
- Bucciarelli, Louis L; Dworsky, Nancy (1980). Sophie Germain: An Essay in the History of the Theory of Elasticity, D. Reidel:Holland ISBN 978-90-277-1135-9
- Case, Bettye Anne; Leggett, Anne M. (2005). Complexities: Women in Mathematics. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-11462-5.
- Cipra, Barry A. (2008). "A Woman Who Counted". Science 319 (5865): 899. doi:. PMID 18276866.
- Del Centina, Andrea (2005). "Letters of Sophie Germain preserved in Florence". Historia Mathematica 32 (1): 60–75. doi:.
- Del Centina, Andrea (2008). "Unpublished manuscripts of Sophie Germain and a revaluation of her work on Fermat's Last Theorem". Archive for History of Exact Sciences 62 (4): 349–392. doi:. Bibcode: 2008AHES...62..349D.
- Del Centina, Andrea; Fiocca, Alessandra (2012). "The correspondence between Sophie Germain and Carl Friedrich Gauss". Archive for History of Exact Sciences 66 (6): 585–700. doi:.
- Dickson, Leonard Eugene (1919). History of the Theory of Numbers, Volume II: Diophantine Analysis. Carnegie Institution. Reprinted as Dickson, Leonard Eugene (2013). History of the Theory of Numbers, Volume II: Diophantine Analysis. Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-15460-2.
- Dunnington, G. Waldo (1955). Carl Friedrich Gauss: Titan of Science. A study of his life and work. Hafner. Reprinted as Dunnington, G. Waldo; Jeremy Gray; Fritz-Egbert Dohse (2004). Carl Friedrich Gauss: Titan of Science. Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 978-0-88385-547-8.
- Gray, Mary W. (2005). "Sophie Germain". In Bettye Anne Case; Anne M. Leggett. Complexities: Women in Mathematics. Princeton University Press. pp. 68–75. ISBN 0-691-11462-5.
- Gray, Mary (1978). "Sophie Germain (1776–1831)". In Louise S. Grinstein; Paul Campbell. Women of Mathematics: A Bibliographic Sourcebook. Greenwood. pp. 47–55. ISBN 978-0-313-24849-8.
- Mackinnon, Nick (1990). "Sophie Germain, or, Was Gauss a feminist?". The Mathematical Gazette 74 (470): 346–351. doi:.
- Moncrief, J. William (2002). "Germain, Sophie". In Barry Max Brandenberger. Mathematics, Volume 2: Macmillan Science Library. Macmillan Reference USA. ISBN 978-0-02-865563-5.
- Mozans, H. J. (1913). Women in Science: With an Introductory Chapter on Women's Long Struggle for Things of the Mind. D. Appleton. pp. 154–157.
- Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey (1990). Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century: a Biographical Dictionary with Annotated Bibliography
. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-65038-0. - Petrovich, Vesna Crnjanski (1999). "Women and the Paris Academy of Sciences". Eighteenth-Century Studies 32 (3): 383–390. doi:.
- Sampson, J. H. (1990). "Sophie Germain and the Theory of Numbers". Archive for History of Exact Sciences 41 (2): 157–161. doi:.
- Ullmann, D. (2007). "Life and work of E.F.F. Chladni". European Physical Journal ST 145 (1): 25–32. doi:. Bibcode: 2007EPJST.145...25U.
- Waterhouse, William C. (1994). "A counterexample for Germain". American Mathematical Monthly 101 (2): 140–150. doi:.
Panluwas na takod
baguhon
Igwang relatibong medya para sa Sophie Germain duman sa Wikimedia Commons- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Sophie Germain", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews
- Si Sophie Germain sa Mathematics Genealogy Project
- Sheroes of History; Sophie Germain
- Sophie Germain in the illustrated story at the Kids Love Science project
