Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi
Si Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[note 1] (Persiyano: محمد بن موسی خوارزمی; c. 780 – c. 850), naka-Arabiko na al-Khwarizmi asin dating naka-Latin Algorithmi, iyo sarong Persyano[5][6][7] na polymath na may impluwensiyal na gibo sa matematika, astronomiya, asin heograpiya. Mga 820 CE, siya nagin astronomo asin pamayo kan library kan House of Wisdom sa Baghdad.[8]
| Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī | |
|---|---|
| [[File:era=Medieval era (Islamic Golden Age)|frameless|upright=1]] | |
| Kamundagan | c. 780 Khwarezm[1] |
| Kagadanan | c. 850 (aged c. 70) Baghdad, Iraq |
| Academic background | |
| Academic work | |
| Main interests | Mathematics, Geography, Astronomy |
| Notable works | The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, Book of the Description of the Earth, Astronomical tables of Siddhanta |
| Notable ideas | Treatises on algebra and Indian numerals |
| Influenced | Abu Kamil[2] |
Pinasikat ni Al-Khwarizmi an treatise sa alhebra (The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, c. 813–833 CE[9]) pigpresentar an enot na sitematikong solusyon sa mga linyar asin kwadratikong ekwasyon.
Mga nota
baguhon- ↑ There is some confusion in the literature on whether al-Khwārizmī's full name is ابو عبد الله محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī or ابو جعفر محمد بن موسی الخوارزمی Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī. Ibn Khaldun notes in his Prolegomena: "The first to write on this discipline [algebra] was Abu 'Abdallah al-Khuwarizmi. After him, there was Abu Kamil Shuja' b. Aslam. People followed in his steps."[3] In the introduction to his critical commentary on Robert of Chester's Latin translation of al-Khwārizmī's Algebra, L.C. Karpinski notes that Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad ibn Mūsā refers to the eldest of the Banū Mūsā brothers. Karpinski notes in his review on (Ruska 1917) that in (Ruska 1918): "Ruska here inadvertently speaks of the author as Abū Ga‘far M. b. M., instead of Abū Abdallah M. b. M." Donald Knuth writes it as Abū ’Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī and quotes it as meaning "literally, 'Father of Abdullah, Mohammed, son of Moses, native of Khwārizm,'" citing previous work by Heinz Zemanek. [4]
Mga toltolan
baguhon- ↑ Berggren 1986; Struik 1987, p. 93
- ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abū Kāmil Shujā‘ ibn Aslam", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.
- ↑ Ibn Khaldūn, The Muqaddimah : An introduction to history, Translated from the Arabic by Franz Rosenthal, New York: Princeton (1958), Chapter VI:19
- ↑ Knuth, Donald (1997), "Basic Concepts", The Art of Computer Programming, 1 (3rd ed.), Addison-Wesley, p. 1, ISBN 978-0-201-89683-1
- ↑ Corbin, Henry (1998). The Voyage and the Messenger: Iran and Philosophy (in English). North Atlantic Books. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-55643-269-9.
- ↑ Clifford A. Pickover (2009). The Math Book: From Pythagoras to the 57th Dimension, 250 Milestones in the History of Mathematics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-4027-5796-9.
- ↑ Saliba, George (September 1998). "Science and medicine". Iranian Studies 31 (3–4): 681–690. doi:. "Take, for example, someone like Muhammad b. Musa al-Khwarizmi (fl. 850) may present a problem for the EIr, for although he was obviously of Persian descent, he lived and worked in Baghdad and was not known to have produced a single scientific work in Persian.".
- ↑ Maher, P. (1998). From Al-Jabr to Algebra. Mathematics in School, 27(4), 14–15.
- ↑ Oaks, J. (2009). Polynomials and equations in Arabic algebra. Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 63(2), 169–203.
Magbasa pa lalo
baguhonIspesipikong mga toltolan
baguhonBiographical
baguhon- Toomer, Gerald (1990). "Al-Khwārizmī, Abu Ja'far Muḥammad ibn Mūsā". In Gillispie, Charles Coulston. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 7. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 978-0-684-16962-0.
- Brentjes, Sonja (2007). "Khwārizmī: Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al‐Khwārizmī" in Thomas Hockey et al.(eds.). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer Reference. New York: Springer, 2007, pp. 631–633. (PDF version)
- Dunlop, Douglas Morton (1943). "Muḥammad b. Mūsā al-Khwārizmī". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (2): 248–250. doi:.
- Hogendijk, Jan P., Muhammad ibn Musa (Al-)Khwarizmi (c. 780–850 CE) – bibliography of his works, manuscripts, editions and translations.
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews
- Fuat Sezgin. Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. 1974, E.J. Brill, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Sezgin, F., ed., Islamic Mathematics and Astronomy, Frankfurt: Institut für Geschichte der arabisch-islamischen Wissenschaften, 1997–99.
Algebra
baguhon- Gandz, Solomon (November 1926). "The Origin of the Term "Algebra"". The American Mathematical Monthly 33 (9): 437–440. doi:. ISSN 0002-9890.
- Gandz, Solomon (1936). "The Sources of al-Khowārizmī's Algebra". Osiris 1 (1): 263–277. doi:. ISSN 0369-7827.
- Gandz, Solomon (1938). "The Algebra of Inheritance: A Rehabilitation of Al-Khuwārizmī". Osiris 5 (5): 319–391. doi:. ISSN 0369-7827.
- Hughes, Barnabas (1986). "Gerard of Cremona's Translation of al-Khwārizmī's al-Jabr: A Critical Edition". Mediaeval Studies 48: 211–263. doi:.
- Barnabas Hughes. Robert of Chester's Latin translation of al-Khwarizmi's al-Jabr: A new critical edition. In Latin. F. Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden (1989). ISBN 3-515-04589-9.
- Karpinski, L.C. (1915). Robert of Chester's Latin Translation of the Algebra of Al-Khowarizmi: With an Introduction, Critical Notes and an English Version. The Macmillan Company.
- Rosen, Fredrick (1831). The Algebra of Mohammed Ben Musa. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4179-4914-4.
- Ruska, Julius (1917). "Zur ältesten arabischen Algebra und Rechenkunst". Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philologisch-historische Klasse. Jahr. 1917,2. Abh: 1–125. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001653568.
Arithmetic
baguhon- Burnett, Charles (2017), "Arabic Numerals", in Thomas F. Glick, Routledge Revivals: Medieval Science, Technology and Medicine (2006): An Encyclopedia, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-351-67617-5
- Folkerts, Menso (1997). Die älteste lateinische Schrift über das indische Rechnen nach al-Ḫwārizmī (in German and Latin). München: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 978-3-7696-0108-4.
- Vogel, Kurt (1968). Mohammed ibn Musa Alchwarizmi's Algorismus; das früheste Lehrbuch zum Rechnen mit indischen Ziffern. Nach der einzigen (lateinischen) Handschrift (Cambridge Un. Lib. Ms. Ii. 6.5) in Faksimile mit Transkription und Kommentar herausgegeben von Kurt Vogel. Aalen, O. Zeller.
Astronomy
baguhon- Goldstein, B.R. (1968). Commentary on the Astronomical Tables of Al-Khwarizmi: By Ibn Al-Muthanna. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-00498-4.
- Hogendijk, Jan P. (1991). "Al-Khwārizmī's Table of the "Sine of the Hours" and the Underlying Sine Table". Historia Scientiarum 42: 1–12.
- King, David A. (1983). Al-Khwārizmī and New Trends in Mathematical Astronomy in the Ninth Century. New York University: Hagop Kevorkian Center for Near Eastern Studies: Occasional Papers on the Near East 2. Bibcode:1983antm.book.....K. LCCN 85150177.
- Neugebauer, Otto (1962). The Astronomical Tables of al-Khwarizmi.
- Rosenfeld, Boris A. (1993). Menso Folkerts; J.P. Hogendijk, eds. "Geometric trigonometry" in treatises of al-Khwārizmī, al-Māhānī and Ibn al-Haytham. Vestiga Mathematica: Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Mathematics in Honour of H.L.L. Busard. Amsterdam: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-5183-536-6.
- Suter, Heinrich. [Ed.]: Die astronomischen Tafeln des Muhammed ibn Mûsâ al-Khwârizmî in der Bearbeitung des Maslama ibn Ahmed al-Madjrîtî und der latein. Übersetzung des Athelhard von Bath auf Grund der Vorarbeiten von A. Bjørnbo und R. Besthorn in Kopenhagen. Hrsg. und komm. Kopenhagen 1914. 288 pp. Repr. 1997 (Islamic Mathematics and Astronomy. 7). ISBN 3-8298-4008-X.
- Van Dalen, B. Al-Khwarizmi's Astronomical Tables Revisited: Analysis of the Equation of Time.
Spherical trigonometry
baguhon- B.A. Rozenfeld. "Al-Khwarizmi's spherical trigonometry" (Russian), Istor.-Mat. Issled. 32–33 (1990), 325–339.
Jewish calendar
baguhon- Kennedy, E. S. (1964). "Al-Khwārizmī on the Jewish Calendar". Scripta Mathematica 27: 55–59.
Geography
baguhon- Daunicht, Hubert (1968–1970). Der Osten nach der Erdkarte al-Ḫuwārizmīs : Beiträge zur historischen Geographie und Geschichte Asiens (in German). Bonner orientalistische Studien. N.S.; Bd. 19. LCCN 71468286.
- Mžik, Hans von (1915). "Ptolemaeus und die Karten der arabischen Geographen". Mitteil. D. K. K. Geogr. Ges. In Wien 58: 152.
- Mžik, Hans von (1916). "Afrika nach der arabischen Bearbeitung der γεωγραφικὴ ὑφήγησις des Cl. Ptolomeaus von Muh. ibn Mūsa al-Hwarizmi". Denkschriften D. Akad. D. Wissen. In Wien, Phil.-hist. Kl. 59.
- Mžik, Hans von (1926). Das Kitāb Ṣūrat al-Arḍ des Abū Ǧa'far Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Ḫuwārizmī. Leipzig.
- Nallino, C.A. (1896), "Al-Ḫuwārizmī e il suo rifacimento della Geografia di Tolemo", Atti della R. Accad. Dei Lincei, Arno 291, Serie V, Memorie, Classe di Sc. Mor., Vol. II, Rome
- Ruska, Julius (1918). "Neue Bausteine zur Geschichte der arabischen Geographie". Geographische Zeitschrift 24: 77–81.
- Spitta, W. (1879). "Ḫuwārizmī's Auszug aus der Geographie des Ptolomaeus". Zeitschrift Deutschen Morgenl. Gesell. 33.
Pangkagabsan na toltolan
baguhon- Arndt, A. B. (1983). Al-Khwarizmi. 76. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. pp. 668–670. Archived from the original on 2021-04-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20210413095521/http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/e/c/ecb5/Courses/M475W/WeeklyReadings/Week%2013/Al-Khwarizmi.pdf. Retrieved on 2021-05-25.
- Berggren, J. Lennart (1986). Episodes in the Mathematics of Medieval Islam. New York: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 978-0-387-96318-1.
- Boyer, Carl B. (1991). "The Arabic Hegemony". A History of Mathematics (Second ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-0-471-54397-8.
- Daffa, Ali Abdullah al- (1977). The Muslim contribution to mathematics. London: Croom Helm. ISBN 978-0-85664-464-1.
- Dallal, Ahmad (1999). "Science, Medicine and Technology". In Esposito, John. The Oxford History of Islam. Oxford University Press, New York.
- Kennedy, E.S. (1956). A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables; Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 46. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
- King, David A. (1999a). "Islamic Astronomy". In Walker, Christopher. Astronomy before the telescope. British Museum Press. pp. 143–174. ISBN 978-0-7141-2733-0.
- King, David A. (2002). "A Vetustissimus Arabic Text on the Quadrans Vetus". Journal for the History of Astronomy 33 (112): 237–255. doi:. Bibcode: 2002JHA....33..237K.
- Struik, Dirk Jan (1987). A Concise History of Mathematics
(4th ed.). Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-60255-4. - O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abraham bar Hiyya Ha-Nasi", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Arabic mathematics: forgotten brilliance?", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews
- Roshdi Rashed, The development of Arabic mathematics: between arithmetic and algebra, London, 1994.
