Rosales
Rosales sarong order kan tinanom na nagbuburak flowering plant.[3] Ini tugang kan clade na binubuo kan Fagales asin Cucurbitales.[4] Igwa ini nin halos 7700 na espesye, nababanga sa 260 genera. An Rosales igwa nin 9 na pamilya, an uri kan pamilya iyo an rose family, na inaapod na Rosaceae. An pinakadarakulang pamilya iyo an Rosaceae (90/2500) asin Urticaceae (54/2600). An order Rosales nababanga sa tolong clade na dai pa natatawan nin taxonomic rank. An basal clade na binubuo kan pamilya Rosaceae; asin saro pang clade na binubo kan apat na pamilya, kaayon an Rhamnaceae; an pantolong clade binubuo kan apat na urticalean families.[5]
| Rosales | |
|---|---|
| |
| Rosa cinnamomea L. asin R. rubiginosa L. | |
Sayantipiko na klasipikasyon 
| |
| Kahadean: | Plantae |
| Klado: | Angiosperms |
| Klado: | Eudicots |
| Klado: | Core eudicots |
| Klado: | Rosids |
| Klado: | Fabids |
| Orden: | Rosales Bercht. & J.Presl[1] |
| Familia | |
|
Barbeyaceae | |
| Sinonimo | |
|
Rhamnales | |
An order Rosales sarong monophyletic sa phylogenetic analyses kan mga DNA sequence, ayon sa Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.[6] Sa saindang APG III system kan mga klasipikasyon kan tanom, pinakahulugan ninda an Rosales na binubuo kan siyam na pamilya na mahihiling sa listahan.[1] Anrelasyon kan mga pamilyang ini dai sigurado hanggang sa kan 2011, naresolba ninda ini gamit an pagadal base sa duwang nuclear gene asin sampolong chloroplast genes.[7]
An mga bistong miyembro kaini: rosas, strawberries, blackberries asin raspberries, mansana asin peras, plum, peach asin apricot, almond, rowan asin hawthorn, jujube, elm, banyan, balete, mulberries, breadfruit, nettle, hops, asin cannabis.
Taxonomy
baguhonSa sistema kan klasipikasyon ni Dahlgren an Rosales yaun sa superorder Rosiflorae (na inaapod man na Rosanae). Sa lumang Cronquist system, an order Rosales pirming polyphyletic. Binubuo ini kan Rosaceae asin 23 ibang pamilya na sa ngunyan yaun na sa iba ibang mga order.[8] These families and their placement in the APG III system are:[1]
- Alseuosmiaceae (Asterales)
- Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales)
- Brunelliaceae (Oxalidales)
- Bruniaceae (Bruniales)
- Byblidaceae (Lamiales)
- Cephalotaceae (Oxalidales)
- Chrysobalanaceae (Malpighiales)
- Columelliaceae (Bruniales)
- Connaraceae (Oxalidales)
- Crassulaceae (Saxifragales)
- Crossosomataceae (Crossosomatales)
- Cunoniaceae (Oxalidales)
- Davidsoniaceae (Cunoniaceae, Oxalidales)
- Dialypetalanthaceae (Rubiaceae, Gentianales)
- Eucryphiaceae (Cunoniaceae, Oxalidales)
- Greyiaceae (Melianthaceae, Geraniales)
- Grossulariaceae (Saxifragales)
- Hydrangeaceae (Cornales)
- Neuradaceae (Malvales)
- Pittosporaceae (Apiales)
- Rhabdodendraceae (Caryophyllales)
- Rosaceae
- Saxifragaceae (Saxifragales)
- Surianaceae (Fabales)
Phylogenyo
baguhonAn masunod na phylogenetic tree hali sa cladistic analysis kan DNA na naipublikar kan 2011.[7]
| Rosales |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
An Rosales sarong order napasairarom kan kingdom na Plantae.[9]
| Kingdom Plantae |
| Subkingdom Tracheobionta |
| Superdivision Spermatophyta |
| Division Magnoliophyta |
| Class Magnoliopsida |
| Subclass Rosidae |
| Order Rosales |
Toltolan
baguhon- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 105–121. doi:. Archived from the original on 2017-05-25. https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract. Retrieved on 2013-07-06.
- ↑ UniProt. "Order Rosales". Retrieved 2008-04-24.
- ↑ Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Rosales". At: Trees At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see External links below)
- ↑ Hengchang Wang; Michael J. Moore; Pamela S. Soltis; Charles D. Bell; Samuel F. Brockington; Roolse Alexandre; Charles C. Davis; Maribeth Latvis; Steven R. Manchester & Douglas E. Soltis (10 Mar 2009), "Rosid radiation and the rapid rise of angiosperm-dominated forests", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106 (10): 3853–3858, doi:10.1073/pnas.0813376106, PMC 2644257
, PMID 19223592
- ↑ Douglas E. Soltis, et alii. (28 authors). 2011. "Angiosperm Phylogeny: 17 genes, 640 taxa". American Journal of Botany 98(4):704-730. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000404
- ↑ Walter S. Judd, Christopher S. Campbell, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Peter F. Stevens, and Michael J. Donoghue. 2008. Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, Third Edition. Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA, USA. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Shu-dong Zhang, De-zhu Li; Soltis, Douglas E.; Yang, Yang; Ting-shuang, Yi (July 2011). "Multi-gene analysis provides a well-supported phylogeny of Rosales". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 60 (1): 21–28. doi:. PMID 21540119.
- ↑ Arthur John Cronquist. 1981. An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants. Columbia University Press: New York, NY, USA. ISBN 978-0-231-03880-5
- ↑ "Classification | USDA PLANTS". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2018-10-22.
Panluwas na takod
baguhon- Rosales At: Trees Archived 2015-05-21 at the Wayback Machine. At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website
- Rosales – Plant Life Forms Archived 2016-03-12 at the Wayback Machine.