Balanghayan

Sa linggwistika, an balanghayan o gramatika kan natural na tataramon iyo an saiyang grupo nin estruktural na constraints sa mga komposisyon kan clauses, phrases, asin mga kataga kan parataram o parasurat. Pwede man magmanongod an termino sa pag-aadal sa siring na constraints, sarong langtad na kabali an dominyo siring kan ponolohiya, morpolohiya, asin sintaks, parating pig-iibahan kan ponetika, semantika, asin pragmatika. Igwa sa presente nin duwang magkalaen na paagi sa pag-adal nin gramatika: tradisyunal na gramatika asin teoretikal na gramatika.

An mga matatas na parataram nin manlainlain na tataramon o lect igwa nin nagibo ninda na mainternalisado nin epektibo an mga constraints,^[1] an mahiwas na mayorya kun saen — kisera an kaso kan tal na tataramon nin sarong tawo — nakua bako kan conscious na pag-aadal o sa instruksiyon alagad sa paagi nin paghinanyog sa ibang mga parataram. Dakol sa internalisasyon na ini nangyayari durante kan kaamayi kan pagkaaki; an pagkanood nin tataramon sa huring kabtang kan buhay pirming imbwelto an explicit na instruksiyon.^[2] Sa pananaw na ini, an gramatika nasasabòtan bilang sarong impormasyon na cognitive sa irarom kan espesipikong instance kan produksyon kan tataramon.

Toltolan

↑ Traditionally, the mental information used to produce and process linguistic utterances is referred to as "rules". However, other frameworks employ different terminology, with theoretical implications. Optimality theory, for example, talks in terms of "constraints", while construction grammar, cognitive grammar, and other "usage-based" theories make reference to patterns, constructions, and "schemata"
↑ O'Grady, William; Dobrovolsky, Michael; Katamba, Francis (1996). Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. Harlow, Essex: Longman. pp. 4–7; 464–539. ISBN 978-0582246911. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

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[1] Traditionally, the mental information used to produce and process linguistic utterances is referred to as "rules". However, other frameworks employ different terminology, with theoretical implications. Optimality theory, for example, talks in terms of "constraints", while construction grammar, cognitive grammar, and other "usage-based" theories make reference to patterns, constructions, and "schemata"

[2] O'Grady, William; Dobrovolsky, Michael; Katamba, Francis (1996). Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. Harlow, Essex: Longman. pp. 4–7; 464–539. ISBN 978-0582246911. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

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